A Lesson before Dying by Ernest J. Gaines - 1155 Words

Chapter 1: Plot: Main character recalls the trial that he wasn’t present at. He knew that the verdict would be execution. Jefferson took a ride from Brother and Bear after drinking. When the police came to the store, Jefferson had money stuffed in his pockets and Brother, Bear and Mr. Alycee were dead. Jefferson will die by electrocution. Chapter 2 Plot: Grant Wiggins, who is a school teacher, comes home from work and tries to avoid his aunt, Tante Lou, and his godmother, Miss Emma. He sneaks into his room but realizes that it would be rude to ignore them. He walks into the kitchen and they tell him to sit down. Miss Emma tells Grant to teach Jefferson not to be killed like a hog and to die like a man and with dignity. Now they must visit Henri Pichot, who is the son in law of the sheriff, to see if he can lower the charges and let Jefferson live Chapter 3 Plot: They arrive at Henri Pichot’s estate and they go through the back door. In that time it is a sign of being lesser than the white man. Miss Emma and Tante Lou give him the guilt trip and remind him of all the work they have done for him and his family. He finally agrees to talk to the sheriff. Chapter 4 Plot: Grant drops off Miss Emma and tells his aunt he is going to Bayonne for dinner, which makes her angry because she was going to make dinner. He goes to see his girlfriend Vivian and asks her to leave town with him. She calls him a liar. Grant starts to find an inner struggle seeing if he can teach Jefferson howShow MoreRelatedA Lesson Before Dying By Ernest J. Gaines1640 Words   |  7 PagesThe definition of what it means to be a human or a man, is a topic that is has been and is often discussed all over the world today. In the novel A Lesson Before Dying by Ernest J. Gaines, Gaines breaks down the meaning of what it means to be a man thought a character named Grant Wiggins. Grant Wiggins is the main character of the novel and is a very educated African-American man who is also a teacher at a local church in the town. He is trying to define and understand the concept of what it meansRead MoreA Lesson Before Dying By Ernest J. Gaines1094 Words   |  5 PagesA Lesson Before Dy ing by Ernest J. Gaines, Vintage Contemporaries  ©1993, 256pp. In his poignant and moving novel, A Lesson Before Dying, Ernest J. Gaines asks us questions that reignite our own quest for the meaning of compassion. What do you teach a man condemned to die? What lesson might be useful in the final month of a man’s life? Is there a futility that we succumb to when we accept the judgment of men? These are the questions faced by Grant Wiggins, a young, black school teacher who has returnedRead MoreA Lesson Before Dying By Ernest J. Gaines1293 Words   |  6 Pageseveryone is a student and a teacher in their own discoveries about the lessons of life. As hard as it can be to assimilate in a situation where you re at a disadvantage, Grant Wiggins and Jefferson took the jaundiced community and made their mark on the static populace. Everyone deserves the right to grasp certain basic lessons, even if it is not encouraged in your society. As the title implies, in A Lesson Before Dying, by Ernest J. Gaines, Grant and Jefferson acted as both the teac her and student in orderRead MoreA Lesson Before Dying By Ernest J. Gaines926 Words   |  4 Pages I found A Lesson Before Dying by Ernest J. Gaines a deeply moving novel, which kept me on the edge of my seat and had a hard time putting down. The novel explores various themes and concepts that surround the education system, filled with multiple emotional moments, conflicts, and surprising moments scattered throughout the storyline. However, the novel does not just focus on the education system and its underlying issues, but it also focuses on human transformation, where the emotional momentsRead MoreA Lesson Before Dying By Ernest J. Gaines960 Words   |  4 Pages â€Å"A Lesson Before Dying† is known as an outstanding book, in which I would have to agree on. The book has many excellent messages and morals throughout its entirety, But no other message speaks out more than the message of â€Å"Becoming a Man† and the obstacles you must first tackle before achieving that message. The author of â€Å"A Lesson Before Dying†, Ernest J. Gaines, expresses this thr oughout the book immensely. In many ways also making this the theme of the book. Miss Emma says at the beginningRead MoreA Lesson Before Dying By Ernest J. Gaines1122 Words   |  5 PagesThe Power of a Strong Character In the novel A Lesson Before Dying by Ernest J. Gaines, racism and prejudice are clearly evident and talked about throughout the novel. The novel expresses the oppression of the blacks under a white-ruled society through the narrator, Grant. Grant is a well-educated black man who struggles to free himself from the oppression he has felt from the white community. Despite the fact that he is educated and a teacher, he initially lacks the vigor needed to take the firstRead MoreA Lesson Before Dying By Ernest J. Gaines1321 Words   |  6 Pagesâ€Å"You don’t get to choose how you’re going to die and when, you can only decide how you are going to live†. (Joan Baez). In the novel A Lesson Before Dying, written by Ernest J. Gaines, Jefferson doesn’t get to choose how and when he’s going to die, but he learns valuable lessons from Grant about how to live the rest of his life. This novel takes place in Bayonne, Louisiana, in the late 1940s. Jefferson is a twenty-one-year-old uneducated black man, who is accused of a robbery and murder that he didRead MoreA Lesson Before Dying, by Ernest J. Gaines Essay1011 Words   |  5 Pagesvery much felt that way. Blacks were oppressed in many ways including having unreachable requirements to vote, such regulations included literacy tests, poll taxes, and elaborate registration systems, but it only started there. The novel A Lesson Before Dying is about a young, college-educated man and a convict, Grant Wiggins and Jefferson. Grant is asked to make a man out of Jefferson who is convicted of killing a white man during a robbery in which he got dragged along to. Grant is asked by EmmaRead More A Lesson before Dying by Ernest J. Gaines Essay1992 Words   |  8 Pages A Lesson before Dying, one of Ernest J. Gaines later works, was written in 1993. Some of his earlier works include A Gathering of Old Men and In My Father’s House. The novel covers a time period when blacks were still treated unfairly and looked down upon. Jefferson, a main character, has been wrongly accused of a crime and awaits his execution in jail. Grant, the story’s main protagonist must find it within himself to help Jefferson see that he is a man, which will allow him to walk bravely toRead MoreA Lesson Before Dying By Ernest J. Gaines1419 Words   |  6 Pagesfear and pity in the audience. In Ernest J. Gaine s’s novel, A Lesson Before Dying, Jefferson conforms to four out five of the characteristics, and it is the quality that he doesn’t meet that leads to all of his problems in the first place. By meeting four out of the five characteristics, Jefferson meets Aristotle s definition of a tragic hero. Jefferson is not of noble birth, in fact in his culture his is not even average. The society in which A Lesson Before Dying takes place is one that refuses

Oedipus Destiny and Fate Essay - 1333 Words

Although it is widely alleged that destiny is by choice, there are a vast number of people who believed that it is by fate. Those who believed it is by choice follow the directions and guidance of their elders. For example, they will try to hold on to the values that their parents instilled in them and use them to guide their entire lives. Others who believed that destiny is by fate, believe that the outcome of their lives is determined by luck, and that no matter what they do or how careful they are, whatever has to happen to them must happen. These proponents that emphasize that destiny is by fate may have gotten their belief from myth such as the story of Oedipus, which is a perfect illustration of how destiny is by fate. Just like†¦show more content†¦Throughout his childhood to manhood, Oedipus started to inherit little pieces of his past. But when he tried to obtain more information, no one would say anything. So he went to the Oracle of Delphi. There he was inform ed of his fate in an unclear way. When Oedipus heard of this, he left Corinth to avoid killing his adoptive father who he believes is his real father. On his way to Thebes, he runs into this chariot. It just so happens that this chariot had his birth father in it, but both father and son didn’t know nor recognize each other. They got into a heated fight because Laius ordered him out of the road. Oedipus thought of this demand as being an insult, and furthermore killed his father and his guards (Fun Trivia). As you can see, no matter how it’s sought out, whether knowing consciously or not, fate is going to come true. According to the story, â€Å"Oedipus the King† (trans. By Stephen Berg), a famous part of Oedipus’s life was when he came across the Sphinx at the cross roads that asks riddles to travelers. No one ever passed this intersection to or from Thebes because no one ever got one of his riddles correct. The specific riddle he asked Oedipus was: â€Å"What walks on four in the morning, two in the afternoon, and three at night?† Oedipus answered, â€Å" Man; as an infant he crawls on all four, as an adult he walks on two legs, and in old age he relies on a walking stick.† He was the first to answer a riddle correctly, which caused theShow MoreRelatedOedipus The King, Fate And Destiny1201 Words   |  5 Pagesplay, â€Å"Oedipus the King†. In case you did not know, Sophocles is from Greece. In Greek mythology there are three goddesses who preside over the birth and life of humans. Each person s destiny was thought of as a thread spun, measured, and cut by the three Fates, Clotho, Lachesis, and Atropos. In the story â€Å"Oedipus the King† fate and destiny was the main theme. On Google the definition of destiny is the events that will necessarily happen to a particular person or thing in the future. Fate is definedRead More Destiny, Fate, Free Will and Free Choice in Oedipus the King - The Fate of Oedipus1239 Words   |  5 PagesThe Fate of Oedipus in Oedipus the King    In Oedipus the King there comes a point in the play where Oedipus learns something that plays an important role throughout the play.  Ã‚   He learns from a   oracle that he will eventually kill his own Father and sleep with his own mother.   As one could imagine this is a shock to Oedipus, and he does not believe the oracle.   However, he cannot prevent any of this from happening because it is his fate.   Oedipus is a victim of circumstancesRead More Destiny, Fate, Free Will and Free Choice in Oedipus the King - Driven by Fate1105 Words   |  5 PagesThe Role of Fate in Oedipus Rex Before we approach this complex question inductively, we are at first obliged to contemplate what definitions and assumptions are being made. This essay, perhaps more so than others, requires a more extensive look at this aspect of the question, because of the sheer variety of possible responses. However, I now have reduced them to three possibilities. Firstly, we could make the assumption that perhaps as destiny controls all fates, then Oedipus character wasRead More Destiny, Fate, Free Will and Free Choice in Oedipus the King - Victim of Fate3445 Words   |  14 PagesThe Victim of Fate in Oedipus Rex The question has been raised as to whether Oedipus was a victim of fate or of his own actions.   This essay will show that Oedipus was a victim of fate, but he was no puppet because he freely and actively sought his doom, although he was warned many times of the inevitable repercussions of his actions. When first considering this topic, I speculated that maybe it was the destiny of Oedipus to suffer, but a friend asked me to explain why Oedipus, in the actRead More Destiny, Fate, Free Will and Free Choice in Oedipus the King - Fate and the Modern World966 Words   |  4 PagesOedipus Rex, Fate, and the Modern World  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In the two thousand since â€Å"Oedipus Rex† was written, it has been analyzed and dissected innumerable times and in every possible way.   Usually the analysis has been within the context of the play itself or within the context of other Greek tragedies.   Perhaps it would be more relevant and interesting to evaluate the play within the context of the modern world.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In his play Sophocles brings up many questions which are not easily answeredRead More Destiny, Fate, Free Will and Free Choice in Oedipus the King3894 Words   |  16 PagesThe Concept of Fate in Oedipus Rex  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚        Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   To the first-time reader of Sophocles’ tragedy, Oedipus Rex, it seems that the gods are in complete domination of mankind. This essay will seek to show that this is not the case because the presence of a tragic flaw within the protagonist is shown to be the cause of his downfall.    In the opening scene of the tragedy the priest of Zeus itemizes for the king what the gods have done to the inhabitants of Thebes:    A blight isRead More Boundaries of Destiny, Fate, Free Will and Free Choice in Oedipus the King1282 Words   |  6 PagesBoundaries of Fate and Free Will in Oedipus the King    The ancient Greeks firmly believed that the universe was guided strictly by order and fate. In Oedipus the King, Sophocles has examined the relationship between free will and fate, suggesting that free will paradoxically exists inside the boundaries of fate. It may be concluded, however, that man has free will and is ultimately held responsible for his own actions.    Oedipus destruction was brought about by a combination of fate and freeRead More Destiny, Fate, Free Will and Free Choice in Oedipus the King - Defining Fate1000 Words   |  4 PagesFate in Oedipus Rex      Ã‚  Ã‚   During ancient times, the Greeks believed very strongly in a concept called fate.   What is fate?   Fate can be defined as a cause beyond human control that determines events.   It can also be defined as the outcome or end of some sort.   In Oedipus Rex, King Oedipus is a character that lived by fate and died by fate.   This element of fate truly impacted the storyline and the plot, while allowing for some interesting developments that may have been unforeseen byRead MoreDestiny, Fate, Free Will and Free Choice in Oedipus the King - Role of Fate635 Words   |  3 PagesThe Role of Fate in Oedipus the King In Oedipus the King, one can easily see the tragedy that comes when Oedipus lives out fate, although not of his own intentions. Oedipus did everything in his own power in order to keep the prophecies from being fulfilled. One might even say that Oedipus ran from fate. Webster defines tragedy as a medieval narrative poem or tale typically describing the downfall of a great man. Oedipus the King is certainly a tragedy, and as Dr. Lucas states in his blogRead More Destiny, Fate, Free Will and Free Choice in Oedipus the King - The Paradox of Free Will1318 Words   |  6 PagesA Paradox: Oedipuss Free will in the Play Oedipus Rex William Shakespeare once wrote, Who can control his fate? (Othello, Act v, Sc.2).  A hero and leader must acknowledge above all else his honor, and the pride of his image.   In ancient Greek beliefs, a hero was a man who stood taller than the rest; he was able to better any conflict.   He did this not for himself or for any token award that may be given to him, but for the security of his fellow man.   Physical strength and superior wit are

Prospero Free Essays

Prospero (the rightful Duke of Milan) is the protagonist of The Tempest, William Shakespeare’s final written play. Finding himself deserted on an island with his daughter Miranda after being betrayed by his own brother for power, Prospero ends up having twelve years of built up anger and revenge to dish out on those who have wronged him. From early on the readers see how Prospero’s use of magical powers from his spell books almost guarantee his authority on the island. We will write a custom essay sample on Prospero or any similar topic only for you Order Now In The Tempest, Shakespeare depicts Prospero as like a controlling puppet master whose desire to manipulate everyone and everything around him is shown consistently, with the use of magic. Prospero’s motivation is fueled by two main things. According to R.D Gooder, â€Å"The first is Prospero ‘s ambition to marry his daughter to the right sort of person; the second is his desire to be revenged upon his enemies† (4). From early on readers can see the protective nature that Prospero has for Miranda. He shelters her from knowledge about their past until the boat carrying his betrayers arrive. Prospero says to Miranda, â€Å"The hour’s now come. Obey and be attentive, the very minute bids thee ope thine ear† (Shakespeare 1.2.46-48). Prospero is finally about to tell Miranda how and why they ended up on the island. This scene lets the readers sympathize with his selfishness, shows the justification of his reasonings for using his spirit Ariel to stir up The Tempest (storm), and why he brings his betrayers on land. Prospero’s love for his daughter motivates him to make sure that she ends up with the right type of person. This should portray him as being a caring father at this point but his motivation for revenge shows the audience his bluff. The play slowly reveals that â€Å"the true internal necessity for his opposition being feigned lies in his double nature† (Snider 197). Miranda meeting and eventually marring Ferdinand, who is the prince of Naples, isn’t by chance. Prospero uses his magic and hold over Ariel to help them meet. This is just another little piece in Prospero’s real agenda to get revenge and his eventually dukedom back. Prospero is like a two-faced person; on the outside he seems like a dad wanting what is best for his daughter, but his real motives are what helps benefit him in the end. The relationships between Prospero and the people on the island seem different but he uses magic to manipulate every single person in some way shape or form. At first the readers catch a glimpse of the relationship between him and his brother. Antonio takes advantage of Prospero being so into the studying of his magic and books, â€Å"While Prospero’s nose was buried in his extensive library, his snaky brother manages to steal his title and gets him thrown out of Italy† (Shmoop Editorial Team). So, going forward from this, the audience can somewhat relate to why he acts the way he does. He uses Ariel as he pleases; it is always either him or Prospero manipulating every moment of everyone on the island. No one on this island is truly free; Prospero uses his magic to ensure that. Prospero also uses Ariel to spy on Caliban, who is described as a fish like man and a servant to Prospero. Caliban encounters Trinculo and Stephano, who are a Lester and a drunken butler. Caliban begs them to let him be their servant, saying â€Å"Ill show thee every fertile inch o’ th’ island, and I will kiss thy foot. I prithee, be my god† (Shakespeare 2.2.154-155). Caliban eventually talks them into killing Prospero, all while Ariel is listening. Betrayal for power is a big theme in Shakespeare’s The Tempest. First with Alonso and his pupils and now his servant Caliban. The way he puts them all through hell associates with the justice and revenge themes also plotted throughout the play. Illusion vs reality is also a big theme carried out by Prospero throughout this play. The whole time everyone is on the island, they are in an altered state of reality, tailored specifically to how he sees fit. The way this is used throughout the play forces both the characters and readers to wonder if something is real or the result of Prospero or Ariel’s doing. The audience can see it being used on his daughter Miranda, when he asks her to remember about her past and she says â€Å"tis far off, and rather like a dream than an assurance that my remembrance warrants† (Shakespeare 1.2.56-58). She is telling the audience that her memory of her life up to this point seems like a dream, with only Prospero’s illusions using magic to blame. Prospero stands for Prospero is portrayed to be a certain stereotypical character, the forceful, controlling, protective one. This is seen time and time again in the play. On the island Prospero and Miranda live among of his now servant Caliban, the son of a witch that was on the island before they arrive. Prospero takes the island from him, which is another way he shows the audience how controlling he is. At first, they live together nicely, and Miranda and Prospero even teach Caliban how to speak their language. They way they treat Caliban abruptly stops when Prospero catches Caliban trying to rape his daughter. Prospero says â€Å"Filth as thou art, with human care, and lodged thee in mine own cell, till thou didst seek to violate the honor of my child (Shakespeare 1.2.415-418). Caliban becomes Prospero’s servant from this point on. Prospero’s stereotype is however, crafted to be broken. The way he changes throughout the play from how he is and becomes this forgiving, almost new person, makes for a very intriguing character. This also puts Prospero into the Round character category. Round characters are complex and develop through their stories, sometimes adequately to shock the readers. Prospero does end up surprising the audience in The Tempest in the last act of the play. Although Prospero remains the same self-centered, controlling man throughout the entire play, he changes from an unsympathetic character into a sympathetic one. He makes his servant Ariel to do much of the dirty work for him. He doesn’t care about his enemies and puts them through a lot while he sits back and watches. This is seen almost immediately in the beginning of the play as Prospero has Ariel disperse his brother Antonio, the king of Naples Alonso and his son Ferdinand, and everyone else that is on the boat onto different places on the island. Watching them scramble around, he is getting pleasure out of their disarray. All these things show Prospero’s superiority complex for control. According to the Shmoop webpage, â€Å"in Prospero, Shakespeare creates a figure who decides to forgive his enemies even though they betray him in the worst possible ways† (Shmoop Editorial Team). This is where he changes into a sympathetic character, surprising the audience by forgiving all his betrayers. How to cite Prospero, Papers

Career Assessment Paper free essay sample

In order for me to complete this career assessment paper, I initially took an Interest Inventory survey. Upon completing this process, it revealed that my personality profile score was (I, C, A). These three letters represented my strengths and interests in determining which career field would best suit me. The letter â€Å"I† represents the personality of investigating. This includes people who like to observe, learn, investigate, analyze or solve problems. Some of the careers that are associated with this include: Chemist, doctor, investigator, and engineer.The second letter, â€Å"C† from my profile score represents the personality trait of being conventional. This includes people who like to work with data, have clerical or numerical ability and pay attention to detail. Sample career profiles include: accountant, air traffic controller, computer operator and customer service. The final letter from my profile score is â€Å"A†. This letter represents the personality of being artistic. This type of person has innovative or intuitive abilities. We will write a custom essay sample on Career Assessment Paper or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page They usually like to work in an unstructured situation, using their imagination or creativity.Sample careers include: actor, architect, musician, stage director and writer. The results from the survey gave me a better understanding of my interest in the career field. When exploring each personality profile, I discovered that the letter â€Å"C† profile offered the most types of careers that would best suit my interests. The career that I selected from the list was the career of computer operator. Computers play a large part in our society today. They are used for various personal and business reasons and many people would find it difficult to live without them.For this reason, computer-related jobs are quite prominent in the job market. A computer operator has various duties depending on their specific job title and place of employment. The first duty of a computer operator is to enter data into the computer. The data which is entered may be related to ensuring the proper workings of the computer whereas other data that is entered into the computer by the computer operator may be relative to the job field in which the individual works within. The entering of data is an important part of the computer operator’s daily routine.Computer operators may also have to take calls from customers complaining of computer system issues. The computer operator will diagnose the problem and then walk the individual through how to fix the situation. Should further help be needed, the computer operator will contact the necessary parties or advise the customer how to do so on their own. There are a few traits which will come in handy in relation to the role of a computer operator. One trait which all computer operators should possess to aid them in their line of work is well-rounded computer knowledge.Computer operators have a wide array of duties which they must take part in on a daily basis. Computer operators should also be good communicators. This is due to the fact that computer operators will often have to deal with other individuals such as clients, coworkers and supervisory staff members. A computer operator must also be an inventive thinker. The computer operator will have to solve problems every now and again. With that being the case, one who fills this job role must be able to exhibit good problem solving skills in an inventive manner which will resolve any issues that may arise.Also, a computer operator should also be detail oriented. By having this type of trait, the individual will be able to dictate any computer related issues to the fullest extent. Whether there be problems or advancements made with relation to the computer department, the computer operator must be able to document such items in a detailed way. Since computer systems in an organization run through a network, operators who possess skills in computer networking will be in high demand. Due to technological developments, some of the computer operation tasks may be overtaken by automated software.Therefore, operators who are skilled in computer networking, database maintenance and user support will be in extremely high demand by employers across a range of industries. A career as a computer operator can bring you good earning opportunities if you possess excellent technical skills and carry a few years of working experience. The starting annual salary earned by computer operators is around $19,000. However, the average annual earning is around $30,000. With increasing experience and skills, a computer operators career can fetch you as much as $47,000 annually or more.Levels of training will vary depending on the specific roles you take up in a company. Many employers provide on-the-job training to workers. Computer operation field continues to evolve with the advent of latest technological developments. To boost your employability, you should complete a course in computer hardware or a relevant field. People with technical skills in computer hardware and networking with a couple of years working experience will receive the maximum career benefits.

I have raised myself to a state of affluence and some degree of reputation in the world Essay Example

I have raised myself to a state of affluence and some degree of reputation in the world Essay It has always been a common belief in this country that there is nothing that cannot be obtained through hard work and diligence. This is a belief that America was founded on and leaned against during its hardest times-this is the American dream. On the surface level, Benjamin Franklins Autobiography reflects upon the life of an extraordinary man who was able to come from the meager beginning of youngest son to a position of financial well being and social status. Nevertheless, Franklins autobiography contains a plethora of contradictions and flaws and one comes to doubt just how much appraisal he actually deserves. Franklin has noble aspirations; but, because they are directed by his relentless effort to achieve prosperity and great industry, his autobiography ultimately portrays him as a model of tyranny and arrogance. Franklin has noble aspirations; but, because they are directed by his industrious nature and relentless effort to achieve prosperity, his autobiography portrays him as a man who contradicts the very ideals he advocates. Throughout Benjamin Franklins Autobiography, we observe actions and decisions that credit him as Americas prime example of a self made man. While this journey to glory and success was shaped by his own two hands and with good intentions, the social standing and wealth did not come without breaches in morality and good work ethics. Franklins journey to financial success began in a community of commoners and a humble family where the sons all had to work at early ages. However, even at an early age, we see a manifestation of Franklins keen intellect and determination to better himself as he begins to build his future. About this time I met with an odd Volume of the SpectatorI bought it, read it over and over, and was much delighted with it. I thought the Writing was excellent, and wishd if possible to imitate it (546). Franklin proceeds to master the art of writing by meticulously copying sections from the Spectator and other works with an intense diligence. We will write a custom essay sample on I have raised myself to a state of affluence and some degree of reputation in the world specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on I have raised myself to a state of affluence and some degree of reputation in the world specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on I have raised myself to a state of affluence and some degree of reputation in the world specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Moreover, Franklin is not content with simply writing like the Spectator, he wants to rise above it. This was to teach me Method in the Arrangement of Thoughts. By comparing my Work afterwards with the original, I discoverd many faults and amended them; but I sometimes had the Pleasure of Fancying that in certain particulars of small Import, I had been lucky enough to improve the Method or the Language and this encouragd me to think I might possibly in time come to be tolerable English Writer, of which I was extremely ambitious (546-47). Franklin constantly checked himself for self improvement and his ambition manifests itself in every aspect of his early life. From these examples in Franklins early life, we see that he has the determination, intellect, and aptitude to climb the social and economic ladder. Nevertheless, as time elapses in the following pages of his autobiography, we find that though Franklin should be applauded for his accomplishments, he should also be condemned for attaining them through manipulation and dishonesty. In fact, the actions he makes directly conflicts with his noble belief that Truth, Sincerity, and Integrity in Dealings between Man and Man, were of utmost Importance to the Felicity of Life (575). One of his first dealings is with a man named Samuel Keimer, a printer in Philadelphia whom Franklin starts out working for, but through deceit and manipulation, manages to rise above him. Soon after Franklin is employed at Keimers print shop, he makes the judgment that these two printers I found poorly qualified for their BusinessKeimer tho something of a Scholar, was a mere Compositor, knowing nothing of Presswork (555). Following his shrewd instincts, Franklin conspires against his boss when Governor Sir William Keith comes with a better job opportunity. In the meantime the Intention was to be kept secret, and I went on working with Keimer as usual, the Governor sending for me now and then to dine with him, a very great Honor I thought itAbout the End of April 1724, a little Vessel offerd for Boston. I took Leave of Keimer as going to see my friends (556). Here, Franklins ambitious character has put business and social standing above personal integrity and honesty. Although one ma y not consider this deception particularly bad in the business realm, it is his decision to keep Keimer in the dark for he suspected nothing of my Setting up (560) and as a safety backup that is morally questionable. In addition to disloyalty, Franklin is also capable of revenge. As Franklin and Keimers relationship deteriorates over time, they eventually have a complete fall out when Keimer steals one of Franklins paper publishing ideas. I resented this, and to counteract them, as I could not yet begin our Paper, I wrote several Pieces of Entertainment for Bradfords Paper (578). To gain control again, Franklin writes for the rival paper, publicly ridicules Keimer, and effectively manages to shut down Keimers paper before it has a chance to begin. The Person that bought them employd Keimer to use them, but in a few years died. There remaind now no Competitor with me at Philadelphia (581). Franklin is acclaimed for his shrewd politics in dealing with Keiser and other opponents of his business career. In comparison to the early accounts of his childhood, we can see that Franklin has definitely risen up from his humble origins. However, the passion for perfection and prosperity that created Franklin s self made man image has also directed him to step on his associates, manipulate, and beguile them with no hesitation or shame. Inside Franklins private life, it becomes even more obvious that he consistently puts pragmatics and ambition over morals. Part two opens with two letters to Franklin encouraging him to continue and publish his brook. quote ( ). Franklins book is no longer merely a story of his life; he now seems to sincerely create a future model by which people can better their lives. Directed by his passion for self betterment, Franklin takes on the bold and arduous project of arriving at Moral Perfection (591). This is a fine aspiration and Franklin tackles it with firm resolution-creating calendars, charts, and little books imploring for guidance. Father of Light and Life, thou Good supreme, O teach me what is good, teach me thy self! Save me from Folly, Vanity and Vice, From every low Pursuit, and fill my Soul With Knowledge, conscious Peace, and Virtue pure, Sacred, substantial, neverfading Bliss! (595). Nevertheless, under more careful examination, we find mixed signals to Franklins said beliefs and ideals. Franklins original intention was the enrichment of his moral life. However, once again his ambitious and pragmatic character gets the best of him. Frugality and Industry, by freeing me from my remaining Debt, and producing Affluence and Independence would make more easy the Practice of Sincerity and Justice, (594). On analyzing Bens priority of virtues, it is interesting to note that he puts qualities associated with producing social and economic affluence above those that truly characterize moral values-just as he put retribution above honesty and good conscience with his boss Keimer. Franklins underlying definition of moral perfection is best explained by contrasting it with a Puritans definition. While Puritans do good for the sake of salvation, Franklin does it for pragmatic and utilitarian purposes. Even the audience his manual is directed at is affected. I had purposely avoided them; for being fully persuaded of the Utility and Excellency of my Method, and that it might be serviceable to People in all ReligionsI would not have anything in it that should prejudice anyone of any Sect against it (598). This in and of itself, is a contradiction because prior to making his famous list of virtues, Franklin announced, I wishd to live without committing any Fault at anytime; I would conquer all that either Natural Inclination, Custom, or Company might lead me into (591). While integrity and justice are extremely important, they serve second to pragmatic values when it comes to securing a profitable future-thus, one must take caution before applying Franklins self help manual to our own personal lives. While the aforementioned was determined by analyzing his famous list of virtues-the actions and decisions Franklin makes among his friends, family and acquaintances serve to strengthen the notion that his life contradicts his ideals. Throughout the novel, Franklin repeatedly points out his own skills by showing that another individual was unable to accomplish the same things he did. I have since kept several Lents most strictly, leaving the common Diet for thatI went on pleasantly, but Poor Keimer sufferd grievously, tird of the Project, longd for the Flesh Pots of Egypt, and orderd a roast Pig (561). Granted, Keimer is not the model citizen, yet the point remains, Keimer held a position of authority over Franklin and thus, Franklins criticism of him illustrates his vengeful nature and creates doubt that Franklin is as virtuous as he claims to be. Franklin outlines yet another time when he rose up to become better than the people who was superior to him earlier on in life-this time, his own brother. If Franklin was really as humble and modest as he declares, he would not have visited his brother better dressd than ever while in his Service, having a genteel new Suit from head to food, a Watch, and in my Porckets lind with near Five Pounds Sterling in Silver ( page ). Franklin is undoubtedly extremely intelligent and possesses all the qualities of a successful businessman. Nevertheless, his success in the printing industry does not prove moral success. In fact, if humility and respect were the factors that bring affluence, Franklin would be penniless. And yet, there are still numerous times in the Autobiography when Franklin sounds like he is trying to prove to the reader of his virtues. A Doctor Baird notes, and Franklin readily reports, that Franklin is superior to anything I ever saw of the kind: I see him still at work when I go home from Club; and he is at Work again before his Neighbors are out of bed (page #). Franklin is industrious and frugal, but this blatant boast shows that Franklin takes great measure to flaunt his hard work and ensure his reputation. In trying so hard to appear virtuous, Franklins integrity is thrown into doubt-is he really so humble and diligent, or is it just an elaborate faà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ade to appear moral?

Getting to Know the Pachycephalosaurus

Getting to Know the Pachycephalosaurus As befits a dinosaur named after its massive skull- which measured a whopping 10 inches thick on the front and forward side of its head- most of what we know about Pachycephalosaurus is based on skull specimens. Still, that hasnt kept paleontologists from making educated guesses about the rest of this dinosaurs anatomy: its believed that Pachycephalosaurus possessed a squat, thick trunk, five-fingered hands, and an upright, two-legged posture. This dinosaur has given its name to an entire breed of odd-looking boneheads, the pachycephalosaurs, other famous examples of which include Dracorex hogwartsia  (named in honor of the Harry Potter series) and Stygimoloch (aka the horned demon from the river of hell). Thick Skulls Why did Pachycephalosaurus, and other dinosaurs like it, have such thick skulls? As with most such anatomical quirks in the animal kingdom, the the most likely explanation is that the males of this genus (and possibly the females as well) evolved big skulls in order to head-butt each other for dominance within the herd and win the right to mate; they may also have gently, or not so gently, butted their heads against each others flanks, or even the flanks of menacing tyrannosaurs and raptors. The main argument against the head-butting theory: two half-ton Pachycephalosaurus males charging each other at top speed might have knocked themselves out cold, which would certainly not be an adaptive behavior from an evolutionary perspective!  (Whatever its ultimate purpose, Pachycephalosaurus block-shaped bean clearly didnt protect it from oblivion; this was one of the last dinosaurs on earth, in the late Cretaceous period, when a meteor impact 65 million years ago rendered the entire breed extinct.) As with another family of ornamented dinosaurs, the horned, frilled ceratopsians, theres a fair amount of confusion about pachycephalosaurs in general (and Pachycephalosaurus in particular) at the genus and species level. It may well be the case that many diagnosed genera of pachycephalosaurs actually represent the growth stages of already-named species; for example, both the above-mentioned Dracorex and Stygimoloch may well turn out to belong under the Pachycephalosaurus umbrella (which will no doubt be a major disappointment to Harry Potter fans!). Until we know more about how the skull of Pachycephalosaurus developed from hatchling to adult, this state of uncertainty is likely to persist. You might be amused to learn that, in addition to Pachycephalosaurus, there was also a dinosaur named Micropachycephalosaurus, which lived a few million years earlier (in Asia rather than North America) and was a couple of orders of magnitude smaller, only about two feet long and five or 10 pounds. Ironically, the tiny thick-headed lizard may have engaged in true head-butting behavior, since its tiny size would allow it to survive head-on impacts unscathed.

History Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 39

History - Essay Example Her family realizing how dedicated Swift was, they decided to move close to Hendersonville, Tennessee. Therefore, this shows how supportive her family was to accomplishing her goals and becoming a renowned artist (Burlingame 7). It is among the many sacrifices her parent’s made in years to ensure that Taylor Swift succeeded. They kept on encouraging her on her quest to becoming a country musician and more so her mother Andrea who has been her role model and mentor. She always loved to perform her music. In her free time, she would watch biographies of country music legends which made her realize that most of the stars had started in Nashville (Burlingame 13). Every time the name Taylor Swift comes up in the media such as magazines, newspaper or even online articles, there is a chance that at least one of these phrases will be included. Taylor Swift the first singer of country music to win an MTV award in the music video category, one of the youngest female artists in history of mankind to win the best year’s Album in the Grammy Awards (Burlingame 17). In addition, Taylor Swift became the year’s best selling artist. Even though one could see Taylor Swift have become a star over night, at the age of 11, she was already singing and writing her own music. She had big dreams and continued to do what felt right until 2006 when she had a break through with herself titled debut Album (Burlingame 21). In the year 2006, Taylor released her single debut Tim McGraw and then self titled it that later on the Recording Industry Association of America certified multi-platinum. The same year in October, she had sold 2.5 copies of the album. In the 50th Grammy Awards, Taylor was nominated for the Best New Artist. Fearless, her second album won the album of the Year in 2010, released in 2008 at the 52nd Grammy Awards which were her pop stardom. As the year ended, Swift became the best selling country artist of the year 2008. In 2009,

How Can Training And Development Enhance Employee Performance In An Essay

How Can Training And Development Enhance Employee Performance In An Organization - Essay Example It subscribes to the notion that phenomena and knowledge are â€Å"truths† only if they can be confirmed by the human senses, through deduction and induction methods. Express differently, the major distinctions between these types of knowledge claims are: whilst the goal of postpositivism is determinative for the purpose of verifying an a priori theory, constructivism seeks to understand for the purpose of generating theory; whilst postpositivism tends to reduce all data gathered into a single â€Å"truth,† constructivism ascribes varied meaning as warranted, and; whilst postpositivism employs empirical observation and measurement, constructivism uses social and historical construction (Creswell 2003 6). A scrutiny of the present research question reveals that it essentially requires a constructivist approach of learning because it calls for the researcher to seek an understanding of the effect of certain conditions, i.e. training and development, to the quality of work of employees. At this point, no theory is yet established or needs to be proven. The researcher goes into the research with an open, inquiring mind unfettered by any working theory, and seeks only to form a theory during the course or at the end of the research. The research question also calls for the researcher to discuss and probe into the minds of the respondents who will be engaged in the research to understand how such training and development have improved their performance in their respective work. The constructivist inquiry could be conducted best through the employment of the qualitative research approach rather than the quantitative method.  

Who Wins and Who loses From Public Debt Research Paper

Who Wins and Who loses From Public Debt - Research Paper Example e of the case of United States where public debt amounted to $15.5 trillion much of which has been used to â€Å"finance wars and wasteful conspicuous consumption† (Al-Jazeera, 2011). The stimulus package of President Obama which was meant to pump prime the US economy, which in principle been good, did not worked and only contributed further to the US mounting debt. As a result, Standard and Poor downgraded the credit rating of the United States from AAA credit rating, to AA+ (Bloomberg, 2011). This manifested U.S. government’s inability to cut spending and put its fiscal management in order. In addition, the intramurals of US government officials on how to deal with its public debt also contributed to the downgrading of its credit rating. In this regard, it is the general American public who lost as a result of its public debt which was shabbily managed by its politicians. The amount of debt that the US economy incurred is staggering. In 2012, it is expected to reached $12.7 trillion (usgovernmentspending.com, 2012) without any end in sight. Ideally, the growth or surplus of an economy should exceed the amount of interest of the public debt for the given economy to repay its debt. US is already way passed this point â€Å"where it could service its debt without going deeper into debt, let alone repay it† (Al Jazeera, 2011). According to the Congressional Budget Office (CBO), spending in 2001 to 2009 increased by 6.5 percent of GDP while revenue decreased by 4.7 percent of GDP resulting in a substantial deficit that has to be filled with further spending through debt that resulting to the current astronomical deb. In 2011, GDP was expected to rise by $100 billion with a revenue of $2.16 trillion but spending amounted to $3.45 trillion that resulted to $1.5 trillion that is again to be borrowed compounding the insurmountable debt that the US alre ady have Given the rate of spending compared to realized revenue, it is very clear that the general public

Can Poor Students be Creative with Limited Resources?

Can Poor Students be Creative with Limited Resources? Can poor students be creative and successful on limited financial resources? Author:  Ernesto Mateo Quizhpe M. Abstract When you read this draft notice content about how the need influences for the development of creativity, even of intelligence. Do the students are capable of performing technology in a very creative way? Do you need to have the money or the support of materials? The reason that has developed this project is to respond to these questions the methods used for the development are by means of web pages, appointments to books, use of articles. In addition one of the primary objectives is to demonstrate the usefulness of the creativity in difficult situations for the people. History has not shown that anything is possible in any place, man has always been able to adapt. The greatest example and most famous is the city of Egypt, as in a desert place and airy managed to build a great empire. Egyptians were able to build an architectural wonders only based on the experience of their ancestors and the mathematics that they left them. Also, Japan is one of the fastest achievements because after so much devastation and many rubble managed to rebuild cities and towns, improved their economy as never before. Is justified and argues why education does not help the creativity, is more appeases. But there are other solutions that is using the educational systems of Finland, considered the best in the world. And taking as an example to the young William that from small began to create your electrical mill, it is clear that every human being can perform thousands of thing without having to wait for a financial support. And, the case more surprising is the Mayan who using only their basic knowledge to transform their sedentary lifestyle to something functional, to perform their own prostheses robotics. Can poor students be creative and successful on limited financial resources? Capitulate I; introduction Men who are accustomed to worry about the needs of machines, become insensible to the needs of men.-Isaac Asimov When read the article, it has the results obtained after conducting qualitative research. It demonstrate that it is possible to make inventions with scarce materials. As other objectives is to learn that different things made poor people, without any economic support, to create things that help society. People have all wondered, how is it possible that there are people who without having gotten so far? Some would say that it was because they were born as geniuses or with extraordinary ability but nevertheless had no support, as the case of the electro mill made by Mr. Kamkwamba, which we will discuss in the essay. The whole system that governs us is structured so that we are workers instead of creating new inventions, have convinced all students that you need large sums of money to do great things It is for this reason that the subject is directed to the study of the people who were able to realize technologies or objects in an economic situation of poverty. The theme is addressed to all the people who consider it necessary to have a large amount of income to invent just one thing. When creativity comes out of nowhere, society only needs a brush and a canvas to create a work of art. But they will wonder: how is it possible that of a simple need we could generate so many solutions? The society of consumption has generated deep cultural changes, which have emptied of content, terms and concepts, which previously were of easy handling for the common one of the men. In effect, after the Second World war the image of the man suffered a symbolic mutation, and the majority of the human beings was tur ned into the needy man (Ivà ¡n Illich). In this category there were included, to less, two third parts of the inhabitants of the Earth. This way, we accept that our condition humanizes defined out by the dependency on goods and services; dependency to which we call need. Said otherwise, we subordinate ourselves to the economy and technology that we ourselves have created and developed. Indeed, poor students can be creative and successful on limited financial resources, because first, out of necessity, man`s creative abilities tend to increase; second, from the beginning of man`s existence, humans have been creating objects with limited resources; and third, there are many cases of modern devices created with limited materials. Capitulate II; body First of all, students from schools with few resources or of poor households are capable to be very creative and successful with the resources they have at their disposal. That is why this research mentions a very exceptional case, which appeared in the newspapers of Malawian in 2006. It is about a young man called William Kamkwamba, he is a prodigy exceptional since built a windmill to feed a small electrical network in a villa of Malawi with 60 families. In Malawi there is a lot of poverty and its economy is in decline, the only way in which remains is by tobacco, which depends greatly on its progress. William tells us about its history. His family is composed of 20 people, is a family very extensive. Mention that it was able to get to school because their parents did not have the money to pay for the studies. Something that was called the most attention was the wind that makes in Malawi and began to investigate about the wind energy. His first book was using energy, this part is interesting, since the book does not have instructions on how to assemble a mill electric, is more a book with pictures of windmills or engines of water, but nothing to say how to make them. Therefore, William only based on the images attempt to build your own mill electrical energy generator, the first had only a mill with three blades but later added another in the top so that the power is more stable. See (graphic 1). Andrew Carnegie says: Capitalism is turning luxuries into needs this is curiosity sentence, because no one speaks of the reality of the planet, as the system that governs us has made some people stopped thinking about what others need taking all the resources for them. This is how William helped families from the village of Malawi, since they had the habit of going to sleep at the time that the sun. But now can continue with its activities in the night which has helped to develop faster and keep growing as villa. This brief summary of the history of William Kamkwamba, is an example of the capabilities of human beings, and demonstrated that there is no need for a large amount of resource to make something of great utility. Always be ready to fulfill a need that is what makes us more able to solve problems and more skilled to create new problems, something ironic. But the most important thing is that the young William took their time and effort to help other people without requiring your help much less financial support. Secondly, there are some examples of the way in which the human being with the needs that has been having you have served to evolve. A great author in his book the chance and necessity mentions: The livelihood of scientific objectivity from a structural order in the molecular dimension of the genetic code, but at the same time is not subtracted to a world conventionally accepted as human creation and effect of the development of the pre-training specifies the man, the symbolic language, a unique event in the life, which opens the way to other developments, creator of a new kingdom, culture, ideas, knowledge. It adds, however, that this power of symbolize articulated has been able to rely on modifications neuromotor . (Monod pag. 142). A phrase very beautiful although a little complicated to understand. In short words he refers to as the needs that have taken our ancestors we have shared with us. This defends it by saying that, the DNA of each cell transmit to us the memories, knowledge, experiences that have lived our ancestors. But what in fact allowed them to evolve and we have shared with us, was to find a need in each place that were without having a single job object. An example, very well known, is the ancient Egypt. The first settlers escaping from the Sahara desert, travelled to the River Nile and was established as Egypt in the year 3100 B.C. They were the creators of great technologies that are well known today, among them are: glass, papyrus, woven, fabrics of flax, needles and mirrors of copper, wooden boats, oil lamps. Egyptians created from each need submitted to them, as the thread that needed to join fabrics for the most effective transport of food; or the transport in times of drought, needed the maritime trade to procure food. Either, Japan after the Second World War made it to grow its economy in a very fast way. Once you have finished the Second World War, Japan was destroyed by bombs loops in Hiroshima and Nagasaki. There was a lot of poverty and death by starvation, as they did not have a way to distribute resources to those who were affected by the war. See (graphic 2). There is a very interesting history since, a small number of inhabitants on the outskirts of the two cities destroyed joined together to rebuild the forgotten that Toyota would for the war had been declared in bankruptcy. With few resources the Toyota brand reappeared and is gaining increasing importance as a producer of vehicles in Japan. Later, at the end of the years 50, the brand begins to make their orders in foreign markets. Thus, using parts of abandoned cars and tank that were in the cities contracted carts in mass. See (graphic 3) Japans economy is fired by what other brands began to produce cars in the same way and were created brands like Suzuki, Honda, and Mazda. In this way Japan came out of the economic crisis that was happening. Thus, history teaches us, it is possible to reestablish itself after a disaster or to lack of resources. And it is very effective at the time of evolution as we mentioned Monod. In added, there is much evidence that the brain of the child and adolescent functions in a manner very different from that of the adults, for example, they think much faster and are much more creative. As in the case of William Kamkwamba there are many cases of young talented that did great things without many goods. A recent case almost that became very popular Wayan Sumardana also known as the Iron Man of Indonesia. A father of a family had a stroke which immobilized all if right arm and difficult the form of work in its mechanics. Trying to find a solution to this problem, because he had to feed his wife and three children, he looking for a way to settle its paralysis left. He was a graduate of the college as mechanical only but never continued studies at the university, and with their basic knowledge of robotics decided to assemble their own mechanical arm. With Internet and something of scrap that he had in his workshop armor several prototypes that served as a test and after several attempts to do an arm that moves with just thinking about it. These cases are great examples of needs to the limit, and shows what you are capable of a lot of people only in situations of need. Here the young Wayan, made this arm bionic because I needed it and regardless of the money, the time or the lack of education or knowledge which it had, it was proposed to make the arm, because it was essential for their survival. See (graphic 4). It all depends on the perspective, from the point of view of students, is a matter of changing the way of teaching. It is proven that the schools restrict much the creativity of the students. But this is already changing and a clear example is in Finland. There students have the freedom to do what they like from small and are not limited with difficult subjects that they do not like it, and are not busy all the time in fact have only four hours of classes. This, according to Finland helps to relax the students and makes flow better new ideas. Education in Finland is considered the best in the whole world. The writer Monod said that creativity arises when the comfort disappears and the art of the need governs us. Students with a lack of extreme resource are the most creative, because they have already gone, to force, by situations in which needed to use all your brain to solve problems of life or death. The only limitation of the people without resources is the not wanting to do spectacular things. We already know several examples of people who took decision and initiative, not limited by the lack of resource. Capitulate III; conclusion. For ending, to respond to the initial question, if it is possible to create great technologies with few resources to change the world. People are able to increase their creative capacity becoming challenges daily, or looking for a goal. It is better when the goal set by a person is aimed at helping someone else as is the case of William, because there is a commitment to the other. In some cases it is difficult to find a need that is need to fulfill, this is due to the fact that we are very happy with what we have. Students are like an airplanes, with the appropriate momentum can reach rise very high. History has taught us that crossed the times we have been in wars and conflicts. But always depended on each civilization so that it can emerge from the rubble. It is not always necessary to a support on the part of a government to the state on exit, is one of the principles of Marxism. Schools, colleges and universities help students as a guide to know by where follow the path to innovation. But at the same time they removed all the ability to be independent and think for themselves. The educational system in Finland is the most effective because it breaks with this scheme to limit students to do things that are need. As personal opinion, it is possible to make all the people of the world to express all their creativity and generate new technologies that help the world without the need to ask for large amounts of money. Has been checked with several cases as some staff have made changes without help. Attachments Graphic 1: William Kamkwamba on Graphic 2: Tissue line by Egyptians his windmill Graphic 3: Hiroshima after bombs attacks Graphic 4: Wayan Sumardana improve in 1945 his bionic arm Keywords Marxism: the political, economic, and social principles and policies advocated by Marx; especially : a theory and practice of socialism including the labor theory of value, dialectical materialism, the class struggle, and dictatorship of the proletariat until the establishment of a classless society. Papyrus: Is a widely available typographic font designed by Chris Costello, a graphic designer, illustrator and web designer. References: BBC. (2016). Ive been obsessed with machines since I was a child. December 18, 2016, de BBC Sitio web: http://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-35409754 Hà ­ades Galà ¡n. (2014). Capitulate VIII. En Los pobres de mi tierra: Conciencia social (pag. 67). Colombia: Universal global de ediciones. Jacques Monod. (1971). En El azar y la necesidad (pag. 19). Francie: Les Éditions du Seuil. Sarah Childress. (2007). A Young Tinkerer Builds a Windmill, Electrifying a Nation. December 17, 2016, de newss Malawi website: http://www.wsj.com/articles/SB119742696302722641 http://www.wordreference.com/

Comparing or Contrasting Two Items :: Compare Contrast Comparison

Comparing or Contrasting Two Items There are two basic formats to Comparing or Contrasting two items. If one were to compare apples and oranges, for example, we would consider the fruits the items, and qualities such as flavor, color, texture, "juicability" and the like as the aspects. Both are designed to evaluate the relative merits of two items so that the reader may come to some sort of conclusion. The writer's goal is to be as complete and fair as necessary; in other words, no important information should be omitted, especially any that would be likely to skew the overall picture from one side to another. Also, the writer must compare the same or similar aspects of the two items. One cannot fairly compare apples to oranges by merely comparing the oranges in juice form to the apples in sauce form. It would be fair, however, to include a discussion of the superior nutritive value of orange juice over that of apple juice. One could also discuss the "unsaucability" of oranges and compare it to the popularity of apple sauce. The purpose is to appear as unbiased as possible; if your favorite item is superior, then let it stand on its own merits. The first style is side by side. The two items are compared aspect to aspect. Paragraphs focus on an individual aspect and explain how both items compare in that aspect. INTRO Background Thesis Body Introduce Aspect 1 Item A Item B Summarize comparison Aspect 1 Introduce Aspect 2 Item A Item B Summarize comparison Aspect 2 Introduce Aspect 3 Item A Item B Summarize comparison Aspect 3 Overall Summary of Comparison Explain which is superior Explain what factors lead to that conclusion Explain what detracting factors are overlooked or ignored Conclusion Summary-reiterate which item is better (one sentence) Projection or Call to Action Notice that organizationally the item that goes first in the first paragraph of the body then always goes first in every paragraph. Also , the writer needs to summarize each paragraph and determine the overall impact or result of that particular comparison. Next is what I call A, then B. Examine all the aspects of Item A, then discuss those same aspects of Item B in the same order. INTRO Background Thesis Body Item A Aspect 1 Aspect 2 Aspect 3 Item B Aspect 1 Aspect 2

American Jury Trial System

The American jury trial system places twelve citizens in power to hear the sides of the accused and the complainant and decide what verdict should be given for the case. It has been estimated that the United States of America accounts for ninety percent of all jury trials in the world. The system adapted the different trial systems from the Egyptian, Greek, Roman, and European jury customs (Nineteenth Judicial Circuit Court). The goal of this paper is to analyze and assess the American jury trial system and to be able to identify to what extent it can be improved.First, let us discuss about the system’s history and evolution. England had an uneven system of juries during the time of Alfred (871-901 A. D. ). Representatives of the tithing were brought jointly to fix on the questions set prior to them. While statement of witnesses did initiate to emerge, when Alfred died, the system collapsed. The Normans used the Saxon court system; including the appeals to the King, legal witn esses and ordeals; unraveling the secular and religious courts and selected â€Å"circuit† judges to embody the King all over the country.In addition, trials were introduced through warfare (Nineteenth Judicial Circuit Court). Moreover, it is the Norman England that which instituted the fundamentals of modern jury system. The system gradually developed for cases wherein trial by combat was inappropriate. Restricted residents were brought to court to decree on matters they had beheld. In the 12th century under Henry II, the use of juries had increased. The defendants were offered to choose from trial by jury or by combat. Then, in the reign of Edward III, the characterization of jurors started to shift.And, by the end of the 15th century, a jury is no longer a group of witnesses but a body that examined the statements of witnesses and necessarily convicts a criminal in a trial with a unanimous decision (Nineteenth Judicial Circuit Court). More evolution and development happene d in the jury system between the 15th and 18th century. When knighthood wasn’t a necessity for a juror anymore, trial by â€Å"peers† turned out to be more valid. Professionals and experts started to be used as witnesses and exemptions from jury duty were continuously developing, e.g. Quakers, who couldn’t pledge to oaths. For cause at common law indicates that the exemptions of being a juror include: having served on the accusing jury; being a serf or servant; being convicted of certain crimes; having a relation with one of the parties or the sheriff; or stating his opinion of the case in public. Eventually, calling of witnesses by the defendants and cross-examining of witnesses by the defense counsel were tolerated (Nineteenth Judicial Circuit Court).Throughout the American colonialism, the jury became one of the emblems of revolt against the king of England. The colonists mainly protested about refutation of rights established to all other Englishmen as well as the right to a jury trial as guaranteed by the Magna Carta of 1215. An example of quotations in the Magna Carta state that â€Å"the Common Pleas gatherings shall not follow the imperial court, but be held in some definite area†, and â€Å"the juries shall be composed of honest men of the neighborhood† (Nineteenth Judicial Circuit Court).Magna Carta has been the basis of many essential concepts of law in America. In over one hundred decisions, the US Supreme court has traced the reliance on Magna Carta for the understanding of suitable practice of law, trial by jury of one’s peers, the significance of a prompt and unprejudiced trial, and defense against bail or fines or cruel and unusual sentence (The Baronial Order of Magna Carta). However, trial by jury wasn’t absolutely deprived of to the explorers.In 1607, Virginia Company established the Jamestown that mentions the right for jury. In New York, John Peter Zenger was proven innocent by the jury in t he libel case in 1735 after verifying that his writings about the governor were factual. In settling a verdict, Virginia jurors had an enormous autonomy. The British Vice-Admiralty courts had made the rage of the colonists rise (Nineteenth Judicial Circuit Court).As a result of these disagreements of inequality and the abrogation of rights, the colonists incorporated in their earliest documents pledge of the right to trial by jury which includes: The First Congress of American Colonies in 1765; The First Continental Congress in 1774 (declaring that the colonies were unconstrained to the common law of England as well as to have an equal access to trial by peers of the vicinage); the 1787 United States Constitution, and the 1897 first ten amendments.The US Constitution and the ten amendments were products of Thomas Jefferson’s complaints against King George in the Declaration of Independence such as obstruction of administration of justice due to refusal of his Assent to Laws f or confirming Judiciary Powers, denials for Trial by Jury, and transportation of defendants overseas for trial (Nineteenth Judicial Circuit Court). And today, according to the Sixth Amendment to the U. S. Constitution, an individual has a right to undergo a fast and public trial by an impartial jury in cases of criminal prosecutions.He has the right to know the nature and causes of the allegation; to be confronted with the witness against him; and to have compulsory process for obtaining witness in his favor, and to have the Assistance of Counsel for his defense (USINFO Database). Due to some criticisms against the American jury trial system, several major changes have occurred in the past decade which includes: reduction in size of the juries; the discarding of the unanimity rule; and the exemption rules. So what kind of trial system does America has today? Let us discuss how trial systems work.In the United States, there are two kinds of juries: the Petit jury, and the grand jury. Petit jury, which is composed of five to twelve members, hears criminal and civil cases. The regular jury trial lasts for about one two days, but some takes longer (Watson). During the trial, lawyers of the same parties question witnesses to support their arguments and serve as proofs. They also make opening and closing remarks to the jury (Watson). Then, the judge makes a final statement to the jury, explaining the laws that preside over the resolution the jury must construct (Watson).Juries conduct a confidential meeting to arrive at a certain judgment. Most states require a unanimous decision while few states consider a majority vote. If the jury fails to reach a verdict, it is called a hung jury (Watson). In a grand jury, the panel is composed of as much as twenty-one members. There are two kinds of grand jury in the American law: the charging grand jury and the investigatory grand jury. The charging grand jury decides whether a case should be brought to court only if there is sufficient evidence against the accused person (Watson).In the investigatory grand jury, the jurors are asked to approve efforts to gather evidence furtively. This kind of grand jury is also used against government officials who happen to be accused of wrongdoings (Watson). Jurors are being chosen lists of voters or automobile drivers wherein they receive questions through mail. People called to jury must be an American citizen, can understand English, no physical or mental disability, etc. (Watson). A judge asks more questions as well as the lawyers from the two parties to determine whether they can be good members.In most cases, the ones who seem most sympathetic are chosen which is claimed by other to be not fair at all (Watson). Supposedly, jurors should not form opinions or must have little knowledge about the case before the trial begins; however, it is difficult to find people like that (Watson). Before, if the accused is proven guilty, he is sentenced with death. So the jury serves as the savior of the defendant to prove that he is innocent of the crime accused to him. But as time goes, evolutions and developments had come.As a well known procedure today, the juries are the ones who decide whether someone is guilty or not through a due process under a trial system. Juries examine the truth and falsehood of a testimony and the facts presented. The judge will then establish what penalty should be given. In Arizona, the judge decides between life or death sentences and reserves that decision for the jury. However, the judge has the power to refuse the jury and ease the sentence from death to life if he wanted, but this has not come about yet in a real trial.The story of the jury, from its ancient origins to its role in the current justice system today, reflects the historical movement toward popular self-governance. It also illustrates the gradual expansion of individual rights to all members of American society. Jury duty can be serve as an education; th e people employs the law so they must learn to understand what it is and how it affects the case brought to them. On a personal note, it seems that the modern system works poorly. There exists numerous trials and most of them are for minor offenses which could have been managed in a well-organized manner.Moreover, court calendars are overloaded, which causes delays before an accused individual is brought to trial. Some public defenders cannot give accurately valuable support to the underprivileged people whom they serve because of overwork. There are also public prosecutors that enter into entreaty bargains that frequently punish those accused of minor crimes while those with serious felonies receive minimal penalties (USINFO Database). There are also some people who question the effectiveness of the jury in determining the truth.In recent years, the competence of juries has been attacked by judges, lawyers and laymen who claim that juries fail to base their decisions upon legal pre cedent. They contend that juries base their decisions upon emotion; they are unable to understand complex evidence or legal theories and they ignore the law in reaching what they consider to be an equitable verdict. Legal reformers believe that eliminating juries can improve the quality of trial verdicts and decrease both the cost and time involved with litigation.In earlier times, the panel members are all from the same neighborhood who knows both parties as well as the facts about them so that they can come up with fair and just decision. But now, juror panels are chosen from voting lists of jurisdictions that comprise hundreds of square miles and surround millions of people. The jurors hardly ever know the accused, and if by chance they do, they would not be allowed to be included in the panel to avoid bias assuming that personal acquaintance with one of the parties involve may affect their judgment.In deeper cases that involve issues about economic and accounting issues, some qu estion the ability of an average citizen to really understand the issues. For example in charges of stock manipulation and fraud, how much knowledge to these jurors has to fully examine the case and give the proper judgment (USINFO Database). It’s like having a cooking competition in which the judges came from the engineering field or other field irrelevant to the subject. Are there better criminal trial method?In Great Britain, where the trial of jury rooted, the use juries in civil trials accounts only one percent while the criminal trials accounts five percent only. A system called â€Å"bench trials† involves a single judge or a panel of judges without a jury to hear the case. This system takes less time, cost less money, and since it is unrestricted and may be assessed by appellate courts, it is well thought-out by many to be just and well-organized. In addition, in cases involving complicated matters of law, judges are more equipped to make a determination than s ome commoners or layback persons (USINFO Database).In effect of such considerations, in the area of civil law in the USA, movements towards unprejudiced settlement continually grow, wherein the parties agree to be bound by the verdict of a neutral outsider. Arbitration is faster (no delays caused by overfilled court calendars), fair, and it allows the parties to have the decision made based on the rules of the marketplace if business involved (USINFO Database). Some criticisms also involve issues that divide Americans in general such as race and wealth. Corruptions and racisms can not be totally eliminated. In reality, there are actually people who consider skin colors in making a judgment.Bias is all around. Moreover, there are people who accept payments to settle on the decisions. Influential and rich people often make use of their wealth to control different negotiations, and justice is one of those. However, even if the trial system is not by jury, such circumstances can never b e avoided, no matter what criminal trial method is used. Lastly, juries are charged of disreputably inconsistence. They can even disregard the law when they come to a decision that a defendant had a good raison d'etre to do what was done at all, or they can be controlled by devious lawyers (USINFO Database).These criticisms are based in fact and are true in some measure. Actually, the American systems of criminal and civil justice nowadays rely on a diversity of forms including bench trials, and arbitration. In addition, good police work often yields such a credible amount of proofs that suspects will appeal accountable without a jury trial. Emotions are also one erratic weakness of a jury system that relies on the decisions of ordinary citizens, thus result in ignoring the law. Moreover, there had also been an incident of â€Å"jury nullification† due to the belief of having unjust laws.Before the American Revolution, local juries rebuffed to condemn their neighbors accused of smuggling because they thought that the English trade and navigation are unjust (USINFO Database). What suggestions can I offer to further improve the jury trial system in America? I have read about the book written by Steven Adler entitled â€Å"The Jury†. He suggested some main points for the reform of the trial system. I agree to his suggestions for a better justice system. One of his points is the elimination of exemptions. In some states, certain categories of workers are excused from jury service which is not fair.If jury is an obligation and a right to all American citizens, then everyone must be given a chance to undergo qualification testing regardless of race, employment, and wealth (American Bar Association). Make a â€Å"one-day, one-trial† plan or similar procedures to make services less time-consuming. In this procedure, prospective jurors who are not selected for a case should be dismissed after their first day of service (American Bar Association). E liminate or at least severe limitations on unconditional trials. Organize the system well, to avoid wasting of time, effort and money (American Bar Association).Educate the jurors well, and give them better instructions and make them fully understand their role, the differences between argument and evidence, steps in a trial, and much other relevant information at the beginning of trials. The future of the people involve depend on the hands of the jurors. It is not good that someone will be given a wrong judgment or verdict just because the people who decided and examined his case have very little understanding and knowledge about the process and the case as well (American Bar Association).Permit jurors to take notes to better study the case (American Bar Association). Provide mechanisms to enable jurors to suggest questions for witnesses during the trial and to receive clarification on points of law (American Bar Association). Lastly, the judge should provide instructions which are shorter yet clearer for the jury just before they deliberate to avoid confusions about the case (American Bar Association). Different countries have different trial systems though they are somehow the same in some instances.Let us discuss the different procedures of trial systems in different countries. In Brazil, according to their constitution, all cases of first degree murder must be judged by juries. However, there are cases wherein authorities are judged by judges even if it falls into first degree murder: only crime that makes use of juries in this country. Jurors vote confidentially whether the accused is guilty or innocent of the crime, then the majority’s decision will be considered the final judgment. In France, the same jurisdictions are implied.The jury sits on an equal footing with three professional judges. The jury and judges first consider the questions of guilt. Then if applicable, they consider the penalty to apply (Did you mean Database). The jury trial sy stem in Spain is not traditionally established but when Franco’s dictatorship had ended, their constitution was reformed and finally legislate the jury trial system. There are also some countries which don’t use a jury system such as the Philippines wherein a court system is being applied.Here, only one person called the Court Judge hears the case and decides whether a person is guilty or not, and what appropriate penalties should be given to the proven guilty suspects. In Germany, jury trials have been abolished on 1924 due to perceived unjust verdicts given. The German criminal justice contrasts sharply with the American system in many ways. Likewise in America, the states in Germany are responsible for the administration of criminal justice; however, Germany has a single national code of criminal procedure and a unified court system.The police and prosecution are state-level rather than local agencies. There is no death penalty, and sentences for either major or min or crimes are considerably lower than in the US. A judge decides in minor cases whether the accused is innocent or guilty. In more serious cases, a judge and two lay members are involved while in the most serious cases, a panel of three judges and two lay members which requires at least two-thirds vote give sentences. Some people would like to abolish the jury trial system in America due to many criticisms that is being thrown to the process.However, elimination of trial by jury due to perceived defects in the system will hinder against democratic government itself. Bench trial or arbitration can be a good option, but for many, the only hope of establishing their innocence is to go before a jury of their peers, where the state must establish the issue of guilt â€Å"beyond a reasonable doubt† (USINFO Database). Jury service continues to provide the sense of responsibility and participation of the citizens because nowadays, as society grows more complex, average citizens are g rowing disconnected from the government (USINFO Database).It seems that participating in a trial as part of the jury is as essential as voting for national elections to practice your right and privilege as an American citizen. A free and fair trial by a jury of one’s peers remains a critical right of the people, for the two parties and the panel members as well. So it is very important that the jury system should improved more and be more organized. Moreover, jury trial system in America may not be perfect and ideal; however, it is still seen as the best means for making certain that the strictness of the law can be shaped to integrity and justice in any definite state of affairs.The key for a fair judgment and sentences is more improvements and developments for the whole system. In earlier times, changes in the constitution regarding the trial system were based upon experiences and different situations that have been brought to court. There are still more rooms for improveme nts. Many more cases will be brought to court, and hopefully, better changes can improve the whole system for the benefit of all American citizens. Works Cited American Bar Association. Trial by Jury. 25 November 2007 < http://www.abanet. org/publiced/lawday/talking/jurytalk. html>. Did You Mean Database. Jury. 26 November 2007 < http://www. did-you-mean. com/Jury. html>. Nineteenth Judicial Circuit Court. Origins and Foundations of American Courts. 24 November 2007. USINFO Database. Rights of the People: Individual Freedom and the Bill of Rights. â€Å"Chapter 7: Trial by Jury† 25 November 2007 . The Baronial Order of Magna Carta.Magna Carta and the American Law. 26 November 2007 < http://www. magnacharta. com/articles/article04. htm>. Watson, J. This is America-the Jury System. 09 May 2004. Voice of America. 26 November 2007 < http://www. voanews. com/specialenglish/archive/2004-05/a-2004-05-09-1-1. cfm>. Hans, V, & Vidmar, N.. Judging the Jury. May 1987. JSTOR Page. 26 Nov ember 2007 < http://links. jstor. org/sici? sici=0026-2234%28198704%2F05%2985%3A5%2F6%3C1240%3AJTJ%3E2. 0. CO%3B2-1&size=LARGE&origin=JSTOR-enlargePage>.

The Schenck Ruling by Chief Justice Oliver Wendell Holmes

The Schenck Ruling by Chief Justice Oliver Wendell Holmes Charles Schenck was the general secretary of the Socialist Party in the United States. During World War I, he was arrested for creating and distributing pamphlets that urged men to assert your rights and resist being drafted to fight in the war. Schenck was charged with attempting to obstruct recruitment efforts and the draft. He was charged and convicted under the Espionage Act of 1917 that stated that people could not say, print, or publish anything against the government during times of war. He appealed to the Supreme Court, claiming the law violated his First Amendment right to free speech. Chief Justice Oliver Wendell Holmes The former Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States was Oliver Wendell Holmes Jr. He served between 1902 and 1932.  Holmes passed the bar in 1877 and started working in the field as a lawyer at a private practice.  He also contributed editorial work to the American Law Review for three years, where he subsequently lectured at Harvard and published a collection of his essays called The Common Law.  Holmes was known as the Great Dissenter at the U.S. Supreme Court due to his opposing arguments with his colleagues. Espionage Act of 1917, Section 3 Following is the pertinent section of the Espionage Act of 1917 that was used to prosecute Schenck: Whoever, when the United States is at war, shall willfully make or convey false reports of false statements with intent to interfere with the operation or success of the military..., shall willfully cause or attempt to cause insubordination, disloyalty, mutiny, refusal of duty..., or shall willfully obstruct the recruiting or enlistment service of the United States, shall be punished by a fine of not more than $10,000 or imprisonment for not more than twenty years, or both. Supreme Court Decision The Supreme Court led by Chief Justice Oliver Wendell Holmes ruled unanimously against Schenck. It argued that, even though he had the right to free speech under the First Amendment during peacetime, this right to free speech was curtailed during the war if they presented a clear and present danger to the United States. It is in this decision that Holmes made his famous statement about free speech: The most stringent protection of free speech would not protect a man in falsely shouting fire in a theater and causing a panic. Significance of Schenck v. the United States This had a huge significance at the time. It seriously lessened the strength of the First Amendment during times of war by removing its protections of the freedom of speech when that speech could incite a criminal action (like dodging the draft). The Clear and Present Danger rule lasted until 1969. In Brandenburg v. Ohio, this test was replaced with the Imminent Lawless Action test. Excerpt from Schencks Pamphlet: Assert Your Rights In exempting clergymen and members of the Society of Friends (popularly called Quakers) from active military service the examination boards have discriminated against you. In lending tacit or silent consent to the conscription law, in neglecting to assert your rights, you are (whether knowingly or not) helping to condone and support a most infamous and insidious conspiracy to abridge and destroy the sacred and cherished rights of a free people. You are a citizen: not a subject! You delegate your power to the officers of the law to be used for your good and welfare, not against you.

Pride and Prejudice Passage Mimick

Pride and Prejudice Passage Mimick Free Online Research Papers Note from the author: This was for my European Lit. class. We were suppose to pick a passage from Pride and Prejudice and write a mock passage for it. It was 2:30 in the afternoon, and two Northwood High students, Suzan and Charlie, were spending their free 7th period outside at the lunch tables. Charlie decided that he wanted to do his European history homework because he had a test the next day. Suzan just sat next to him, staring. While Charlie was doing his homework Suzan tried to start a conversation, but failed miserably. â€Å"That is a huge book that you’re reading†¦you must be like uber smart!!† gasped Suzan. â€Å"It is what all European history students must read Suzan.† Charlie curtly replied. â€Å"You must mean like the life history, the real history. You must be the smartest in your class, because you write super neat!† Charlie, however, did not reply. He just continued doing his homework. â€Å"I like your pen too; the dice at the end of the pencil is like awesomely cute.† Charlie gave Suzan a pointed look that obviously stated he was getting rather annoyed at this situation; nevertheless, Suzan took no heed. â€Å"Look at the small birds, they’re small.† yelled Suzan, â€Å"They are small birds.† â€Å"Yes, small birds.† â€Å"You’re hand writing is neat, you know that. It’s like so neat you didn’t even have to use the lines on you’re paper! It takes such a long time to fill out a whole paper with notes and stuff! You’re so neat and smart!† â€Å"Yes, it is tedious work, but it is work that I need complete. And furthermore, I like to be well organized and prepared for all my classes, as you commented before.† stated Charlie. â€Å"WOW! It’s like you know what I’m thinking. I was thinking the exact same thing before you said anything. It’s like you’re psychic or something!† He was silent. â€Å"You know I was wondering, did you finish that essay we had in English. That really long essay. I mean, how could a teacher give out so much homework? And that math teacher, gosh! He just sat there and read his newspaper, he didn’t teach the class anything!† â€Å"We do not have the delight of being in the same English class. And besides, I would believe that your mathematics teacher gave you a warm up then a test.† â€Å"OH! It was a test! How could I forget? No wonder nobody said anything and it was so quiet, and I was wondering why everyone was like looking at me weirdly.† â€Å"It seems so.† â€Å"You know, you seem like the talkative type. And you’re such a fantastic conversationalist. We should do this often† There was a slight pause. â€Å"Perhaps† was the reply. â€Å"OH MY GOSH that is such a wonderful idea.† The bell suddenly rang, signaling the end of school and ending their â€Å"discussion†. Charlie packed up his belongings, said a civil good-bye to Suzan and walked off to his ride. Research Papers on Pride and Prejudice Passage MimickStandardized TestingThe Spring and AutumnAssess the importance of Nationalism 1815-1850 EuropeMind TravelPersonal Experience with Teen PregnancyQuebec and CanadaHip-Hop is ArtPETSTEL analysis of IndiaEffects of Television Violence on Children19 Century Society: A Deeply Divided Era

A Story about My Life Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

A Story about My Life - Essay Example When I came to the United States about a year ago, I looked almost lost. The culture here is much different from that in Qatar. The food, religion, language and socialization differ to a great extent. People here are in a rush even to eat unlike in Qatar where one orders for food and eats without a rush to fill. The population is high with everyone busy with their businesses, making it difficult to make random friends. Though there are Muslims in the country, they do not exist in their majority as is the case in Qatar. I also noted that people value gas highly in America whereas in Qatar, it costs even cheaper than water as observed by Shadid. Such differences in life are what made the United States appear strange to me during my early days. However, I am lucky I had my twin brother whom I lived with here in the United States. My other brother is still in Qatar and runs family businesses together with my parents. We almost shared the same feelings of loneliness and fear with my brother during our early days in the United States. Being in a foreign country presented its challenges that would distract us from achieving our goals for coming here. Nonetheless, through sharing our experiences, we found out ways to cope up with such challenges. He would tell me how he has been discriminated against or abused and I would give him similar stories.

Engineering Behaviour of Perth's Soils Research Paper - 1

Engineering Behaviour of Perth's Soils - Research Paper Example The determination of the engineering behaviour and properties of soil such as its grain size distribution, relative density, angle of repose and permeability is one of the most fundamental aspects of geotechnical engineering. Although most previous researches have focused on in situ determination of soil properties, the current research uses laboratory analysis of soil properties to investigate and the engineering behaviour of soils in Perth area. The experimental approach involved collecting soil samples from four different locations namely, North- Yanchep, West- Scarborough, South- Southern River, and East- Swan Valley. Various soil classification tests such as sieve analysis, relative density, and angle of repose and permeability tests were them performed on the collected in order to determine their compositional properties and engineering behaviour. The results were then analysed and compared to the findings of the literature review in order to effectively predict the engineering behaviour of soils of soils in Perth area. I wish to acknowledge my project supervisor, Professor Sanjay Kumar Shukla for the valuable assistance, suggestions and positive criticism throughout this project. My sincere thanks also go to my lab supervisor, Dr. Mohamed Ismail, for his tireless efforts in helping us succeed in our experimental tasks. Finally, the work presented in this report would not have been possible without the cooperation and invaluable support of my project partner, Chushu Deng. Perth region is vast area located within the expansive Swan coastal plains, which lies between the Indian Ocean and the Darling Scarp in the South Western parts of Western Australia. There exist different types of soils in Perth area with the main types being sandy, clay soils. The Western region of Perth area, particularly towards the coast, is mostly characterized by sandy loam soils. On the other hand, the Eastern sides including the upper Swan to the

Love is a theme long explored by poets whether it is love won or lost, Essay

Love is a theme long explored by poets whether it is love won or lost, unrequited love, erotic love or familial love. Show how poets work within this classic theme in at least two poems - Essay Example â€Å"Funeral Blues† talks about how the extinguishing of one’s love in death seems to extinguish everything else in life, how one cannot imagine the world continuing when one’s beloved has died. â€Å"When You Are Old† takes a slightly different track, focusing on the wide variety of loves one experiences throughout one’s life, either â€Å"false or true† (l. 6) and from a wide variety of people. But this poem also contains a touch of the triste, asking the subject to remember how â€Å"Love fled† to be lost â€Å"among the stars,† which could either refer to an unrequited love (for example, in the subject’s youth) or losing one’s love â€Å"among the stars† through their death (l. 10-11). One of the most interesting things about these poems it that they both adhere to a very strict rhyme scheme that they does not vary in the slightest throughout. Auden’s rhyme scheme is perhaps much more obvious, a simple A B A B pattern which draws the reader’s attention to itself, as opposed to Yeats’s more subtle A B B A which hits the reader a bit less forcefully. Auden’s rhyme scheme, by being so obvious, somewhat removes the speaker of the poem from its events. Rhyme, like any artifice takes time and energy to create, and thus makes its creator seem in control of their faculties and at the peak of their art. This, however, jars somewhat with aspects of the poem that make the pain of death seem immediate to the speaker. Firstly, the speaker uses phrases like â€Å"The stars are not wanted now† (emphasis mine) which create immediacy and make the reader think that the sorrow has just befallen the speaker (l. 13). Secondly, the speaker uses first person, â€Å"I thought that love would last forever, I was wrong† which emphasizes that the speaker is indeed the person who has suffered the loss. This jarring contrast between the artifice of rhyme and the immediacy of pain seems somewhat problematic in this poem. Yeats’s